A interpretação precisa do status do HER2 abre novas possibilidades terapêuticas para pacientes com câncer de mama metastático.1-4
Conheça os critérios atualizados para a classificação da expressão do HER2, e os impactos clínicos correlacionados.
Pacientes com baixa expressão de HER2 (HER2 low) também foram incluídas em estudos clínicos, e os benefícios clínicos estabelecidos na população foram alcançados após tratamento direcionado ao HER23, 5
Com a atualização das diretrizes ASCO/CAP6, critérios mais refinados de interpretação passaram a fazer diferença real na decisão terapêutica.
Imagens adaptadas de Venetis K, et al. Front Mol Biosci. 2022;9:834651. CC BY 4.0 license available from: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
HR: receptor de hormônio; ICH: imunohistoquímica; ISH: hibridização in situ; ASCO/CAP: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and College of American Pathologists (CAP).
As classificações e imagens apresentadas abaixo seguem o padrão de leitura para câncer de mama, conforme as diretrizes ASCO/CAP.6
Veja mais adiante como os critérios para câncer gástrico diferem dos de mama.
Adaptado de: Wolff AC, et al. Jounal of Clinical Oncology, 2023. Imagens de: MArchió C. Seminars in cancer Biology. 2021
HR: receptor de hormônio; ICH: imunohistoquímica; ISH: hibridização in situ; ASCO/CAP: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and College of American Pathologists (CAP).
Figura de: HER2 Know. IHC Staining Atlas. Disponível em: https://www.her2know.com/home/ihc-atlas.html#tabs-803c56b4e2-item-469437a111-tab. Acesso em: 14 ago. 2024
Para garantir uma interpretação segura em amostras com expressão fraca ou tênue (como IHC 0 e IHC 1+), recomenda-se:13
Essas boas práticas são especialmente importantes diante da sobreposição morfológica entre HER2-nulo, ultralow e low, que pode impactar diretamente a elegibilidade do paciente a terapias-alvo.13
Adaptado de Bartley et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2017;35(4):446–464.
HR: receptor de hormônio; ICH: imunohistoquímica; ISH: hibridização in situ; ASCO/CAP:
American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and College of American Pathologists (CAP).
Estudos mostram que o status de HER2 pode mudar à medida que a doença progride, inclusive entre o tumor primário e a metástase ou recidiva.21
Referências: 1. Ahm, Q. E., & Vogel, C. (2011). Dual HER2-targeted approaches in HER2-positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 131, 371–383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1781-y 2. Watanabe, S., Yonesaka, K., Tanizaki, J., Nonagase, Y., Takegawa, N., Haratani, K., Kawakami, H., Hayashi, H., Takeda, M., Tsurutani, J., & Nakagawa, K. (2019). Targeting of the HER2/HER3 signaling axis overcomes ligand-mediated resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Medicine, 8, 1258–1268. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1995 3. Mercogliano, M., Bruni, S., Mauro, F., & Schillaci, R. (2023). Emerging Targeted Therapies for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers, 15. (7):1987. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15071987 4. Goutsouliak, K., et al (2019). Towards personalized treatment for early stage HER2-positive breast cancer. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, 17, 233–250. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-019-0299-9 5. Modi S, et al Trastuzumab Deruxtecan after Endocrine Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer. (2024). New England Journal of Medicine, 391(22), 2110–2122. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2407086. PMID: 39282896. 6. Wolff AC, Set al. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer: ASCO-College of American Pathologists Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol. 2023 Aug 1;41(22):3867-3872. 7. Denkert C, et al. . Clinical and molecular characteristics of HER2-low-positive breast cancer: pooled analysis of individual patient data from four prospective, neoadjuvant clinical trials. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Aug;22(8):1151-1161. 8. Chen Z, Jet a.. Is HER2 ultra-low breast cancer different from HER2 null or HER2 low breast cancer? A study of 1363 patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2023 Nov;202(2):313-323. 9. Mehta S, et al. Prevalence of “HER2 ultra-low” among patients with advanced breast cancer with historical IHC0 status. J Clin Oncol 42, 2024 (suppl 16; abstre13156. 10. Modi S, et al. . Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated HER2-Low Advanced Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jul 7;387(1):9-20. 11. Tarantino P, et al. . HER2-Low Breast Cancer: Pathological and Clinical Landscape. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Jun 10;38(17):1951-1962. 12. Tapia M, et al. P. Clinical Impact of New Treatment Strategies for HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients with Resistance to Classical Anti-HER Therapies. Cancers (Basel). 2023 Sep 12;15(18):4522. 13. Wolff AC, Seyt al.. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing inBreast Cancer. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2023 Sep 1;147(9):993-1000. 14. Nicolò E, et al.. The HER2-low revolution in breast oncology: steps forward and emerging challenges. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2023 Feb 9;15:17588359231152842. 15. HER2 Know. IHC Staining Atlas. Disponível em: https://www.her2know.com/home/ihc-atlas.html#tabs-803c56b4e2-item-469437a111-tab. Acesso em: 14 ago. 2024. 16. Bardia A, DESTINY-Breast06 Trial Investigators, et al. Trastuzumab Deruxtecan after Endocrine Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2024 Dec 5;391(22):2110-2122. 17. Bartley AN, et al. HER2 Testing and Clinical Decision Making in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Feb;35(4):446-464. 18. Abrahao-Machado LF, Scapulatempo-Neto C. HER2 testing in gastric cancer: An update. World J Gastroenterol. 2016 May 21;22(19):4619-25. 19. Gobbi, H., et al. (2024). Challenges in the evaluation of HER2 and HER2-low in breast cancer in Brazil and recommendations of a multidisciplinary working group. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 70(10), e20240313. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20240313. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2025. 20. Wolf AC, et al.(2018) Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/ College of American Pathologists Clinical Practice Guideline Focused Update. J Clin Oncol 36:2105–2122 21. Miglietta F, et al. Evolution of HER2-low expression from primary to recurrent breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer. 2021 Oct 12;7(1):137. doi: 10.1038/s41523-021-00343-4. Erratum in: NPJ Breast Cancer. 2021 Nov 24;7(1):149. 22. Supplement to: Wolff, A. C., et al. (2013). Journal of Clinical Oncology, 31(31), 3997–4013.